The vaccines demonstrated a good safety profile, with BNT162b2 showing 100% efficacy in one RCT and a strong immune response in adolescents comparable to young adults.
The vaccine demonstrated a more than 100-fold increase in anti-S IgG and an 84-fold increase in neutralizing antibodies from baseline. The seroconversion rate was ≥98% for anti-S IgG and ≥97.9% for neutralizing antibodies in both age groups, indicating strong immunogenicity.
The safety profile of BNT162b2 in children under 5 was comparable to that of on-label non-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, with lower probabilities of general symptoms and fever post-vaccination.
The vaccine showed a 53.1% effectiveness against any SARS-CoV-2 infection, 57.5% against symptomatic infections, and 66.2% against infections leading to medication use.
The vaccination scheme elicited a humoral immune response comparable to natural infection, with a significant increase in immune response after the third dose. An estimated efficacy of over 90% was achieved, with all participants showing neutralizing antibodies against the Alpha and Delta variants, and 97.9% against the Beta variant.
Vaccination with BNT162b2 showed a vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 65.3% for one dose and 60.2% and 82.4% for one and two doses respectively in children and adolescents against hospitalization. For moderate-to-severe disease, VE was 93.1% and 95.8% after two doses of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac, respectively. No hospitalizations or moderate-to-severe cases occurred in those who received a third dose.
Four weeks after the second dose, there was a significant increase in total and neutralizing antibody levels, along with increased activation of specific CD4 T cells. The vaccine is likely to confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants in the target population.
The study found that awareness of the vaccination schedule and the benefits of the MR vaccine among caregivers significantly reduced the odds of incompletion of the vaccination.
98.2% and 97.8% of participants were reactive for anti-S-RBD-IgG antibodies at 1 and 3 months, respectively. A significant increase in antibody concentrations was observed in participants infected after vaccination.
Identification of sex differences in post-vaccination symptoms, which may inform future vaccination strategies and monitoring.
The study found a 97% seropositivity rate for anti-spike IgG antibodies following vaccination, with higher antibody levels associated with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, being under 18 years of age, and receiving specific mRNA vaccines.
Overall vaccine effectiveness was 86.9%, with 97.3% effectiveness in adults aged 18-49 years. Vaccination significantly reduced the odds of hospitalization due to Covid-19.
At year 5, neutralizing antibody titers remained high across different age groups, with nearly all subjects (95.8 to 100%) remaining seroprotected against EV-A71.
Vaccination significantly boosted SARS-CoV-2 variant cross-reactive IgG antibodies in children with a history of MIS-C, maintaining elevated levels for at least 3 months. It also enhanced the generation of pseudovirus neutralizing and functional antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) antibodies against the Omicron variant.
Significant improvement in humoral immune responses, including increased anti-RBD-IgG concentrations and neutralizing antibody titers against the Wuhan and Delta strains, with a strong interferon gamma response.
Vaccination reduced the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by approximately 80% for Delta and 53% for Omicron variants within 14-30 days post-vaccination. Vaccinated CYP who contracted the virus experienced milder disease compared to unvaccinated peers, particularly during the Delta period.
Higher polygenic scores for cytokines IFNγ, IL-2, and TNFα were associated with increased levels of these cytokines post-vaccination, indicating a stronger immune response to the mumps vaccine.
The pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was found to be 75%, indicating a significant willingness to vaccinate among the population.
The study found that the geometric mean titers (GMTs) for the ccIIV4 vaccine were significantly higher than those for the LAIV4 vaccine, indicating a stronger immune response. The geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) in titers was also greater for ccIIV4 compared to LAIV4, suggesting better efficacy in generating an immune response against influenza.
No increase in serious adverse events (SAEs) was observed; however, mRNA vaccines were effective in preventing COVID-19 infections in children and adolescents.
Low mortality rates in the child population due to COVID-19 across all analyzed countries, indicating that severe outcomes are rare in this demographic.
The study found that the incidence of hyper-inflammatory syndrome post-vaccination is significantly lower than the incidence of MIS-C following SARS-CoV-2 infection, supporting the safety and benefit of vaccination in children.
The study indicates that the majority of nosocomial RSV-related deaths can be prevented through effective immunization strategies, especially since more than half of the affected children were younger than 6 months of age.
Repeated seasonal vaccination significantly boosts the durable bNAb response in children, enhancing their immunity against influenza A virus.
The application of LASSO regression provided accurate estimates of the population-level impact of PCVs, showing similar results to traditional synthetic control methods and demonstrating the effectiveness of PCVs in reducing pneumococcal disease burden.
Vaccination, especially with booster doses, significantly reduces the likelihood of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, with vaccine effectiveness estimated at 56.2% for children and a 62% reduction in infection risk for adults receiving a third dose.
PCV20 was found to avert significantly more cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (15,301), pneumonia (both hospitalized and non-hospitalized cases totaling 932,562), otitis media (531,634 cases), and 59,265 deaths over a 10-year period. It also resulted in an additional 904,854 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and a total cost saving of €2,393,263,611, making it a dominant strategy compared to PCV13 and PCV15.
Increased likelihood of vaccination when parents believed it would facilitate a return to normal social and educational life for their children.
Less than half of participants (39.48%) reported side effects, indicating overall vaccine safety; side effects were most prevalent among Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna recipients.
Increased understanding of vaccine hesitancy determinants can inform targeted vaccination campaigns, potentially improving vaccine uptake among adolescents.
The study provides pooled estimates of VITT incidence, indicating that the risk is low overall and varies by age. For individuals aged 65 and over, the incidence is about 1 in 1,000,000, while for those under 55, it ranges from 1 in 20,000 to 60,000. This information can help inform vaccination policies and individual risk assessments.
Adolescents showed significantly higher total IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 Spike antigens compared to adults, indicating a robust immune response to the vaccine.
57% of parents intend to vaccinate their children, with higher intention among parents over 40 and those with children previously vaccinated against influenza.
Studies indicate that fractional doses can achieve comparable immune responses to standard doses, resulting in higher antibody titers and improved vaccination coverage.
92.4% of participants reported at least one side effect, indicating a robust immune response, with very few seeking medical care (3.1%) or being hospitalized (0.3%).
The study identified significant genetic variants associated with enhanced cellular immune responses to the mumps vaccine, particularly in the production of IL-1β and TNFα, suggesting that certain SNPs can predict better immune responses.
74.5% of respondents expressed willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine when available, indicating a general positive perception towards vaccination.
Increased vaccine uptake rates in countries with mandatory vaccination policies, potentially leading to improved public health outcomes.
QIV demonstrated high immunogenicity with 99.5% seroprotection for A/H1N1 and A/H3N2, 93.1% for B/Texas, and 99.0% for B/Phuket. The immunogenicity and safety profiles of QIV were comparable to TIV for common strains, with significant differences noted for the added B/Phuket strain.
73.3% of identified measles zero-dose children were vaccinated during the campaign, and targeted mop-up activities reached an additional 25.6% of zero-dose children.
The introduction of PCV10 led to a 25% reduction in IPD incidence and a 54% decline in hospitalizations due to severe pneumonia among children under 2 years old.
93.2% of patients resolved their symptoms and recovered, indicating a high recovery rate following myocarditis after vaccination.
Infants born to vaccinated mothers showed no significant difference in anti-pertussis IgG concentrations compared to those born to unvaccinated mothers, although there was a temporary blunting of the immune response observed.
Participants who watched the video with a male narrator showed a statistically significant increase in vaccination intention compared to the control group. The video intervention overall indicated potential for increasing vaccine uptake.
The study highlights the need for sex- and gender-inclusive policies in vaccination strategies, aiming to improve occupational health outcomes for healthcare workers.
The study found that CoronaVac vaccination led to a robust immune response, including activation of both innate and adaptive immune systems, and identified metabolic pathways associated with this response.
Effective health messaging can increase COVID-19 vaccination rates among college students, leading to safer campus environments and reduced transmission of the virus.
Increased awareness and knowledge among health practitioners can lead to improved treatment practices for HBV in children, potentially reducing chronic carrier rates.
Increased confidence in the vaccine and improved public perception of its safety and effectiveness could lead to higher vaccination rates, ultimately contributing to herd immunity against COVID-19.
The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of loss-based SMS messages in reducing vaccine hesitancy among parents of newborns, with the potential for improved vaccination rates.
Increased acceptance of mandatory vaccination schemes among parents when financial incentives are offered, and a preference for penalties that restrict access to education for unvaccinated children.
The study found varying rates of protective response to hepatitis B vaccination among children on different ART regimens, with the highest response rate of 75% in those on AZT-3TC-LPV/r, compared to 92% in the control group.
Expected outcomes include improved understanding of effective interventions to increase vaccine uptake, leading to better immunization coverage in targeted populations.